THE RADIATIVE EFFECTS OF ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOLS OVER CHINA AND THEIR SENSITIVITY TO SOURCE EMISSION

MA Xing-xing; LIU Hong-nian; WANG Xue-yuan; ZHANG Ren-jian

doi:10.16555/j.1006-8775.2016.01.011

Abstract:

In this paper, the RIEMS 2.0 model, source emission in 2006 and 2010 are used to simulate the distributions and radiative effects of different anthropogenic aerosols over China. The comparison between the results forced by source emissions in 2006 and 2010 also reveals the sensitivity of the radiative effects to source emission. The results are shown as follows: (1) Compared with those in 2006, the annual average surface concentration of sulfate in 2010 decreased over central and eastern China with a range of –C5 to 0 ?g/m3; the decrease of annual average aerosol optical depth of sulfate over East China varied from 0.04 to 0.08; the annual average surface concentrations of BC, OC and nitrate increased over central and eastern China with maximums of 10.90, 11.52 and 12.50 ?g/m3, respectively; the annual aerosol optical depths of BC, OC and nitrate increased over some areas of East China with extremes of 0.006, 0.007 and 0.008, respectively. (2) For the regional average results in 2010, the radiative forcings of sulfate, BC, OC, nitrate and their total net radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere over central and eastern China were –C0.64, 0.29, –C0.41, –C0.33 and –C1.1 W/m2, respectively. Compared with those in 2006, the radiative forcings of BC and OC in 2010 were both enhanced, while that of sulfate and the net radiative forcing were both weakened over East China mostly. (3) The reduction of the cooling effect of sulfate in 2010 produced a warmer surface air temperature over central and eastern China; the maximum value was 0.25 K. The cooling effect of nitrate was also slightly weakened. The warming effect of BC was enhanced over most of the areas in China, while the cooling effect of OC was enhanced over the similar area, particularly the area between Yangtze and Huanghe Rivers. The net radiative effect of the four anthropogenic aerosols generated the annual average reduction and the maximum reduction were –C0.096 and –C0.285 K, respectively, for the surface temperature in 2006, while in 2010 they were –C0.063 and –C0.256 K, respectively. In summary, the change in source emission lowered the cooling effect of anthropogenic aerosols, mainly because of the enhanced warming effect of BC and weakened cooling effect of scattering aerosols.

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MA Xing-xing, LIU Hong-nian, WANG Xue-yuan, et al. THE RADIATIVE EFFECTS OF ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOLS OVER CHINA AND THEIR SENSITIVITY TO SOURCE EMISSION [J]. Journal of Tropical Meteorology, 2016, 22(1): 94-108, https://doi.org/10.16555/j.1006-8775.2016.01.011

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THE RADIATIVE EFFECTS OF ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOLS OVER CHINA AND THEIR SENSITIVITY TO SOURCE EMISSION

School of Atmospheric sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 China Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029 China

Rev Recd Date: 2015-11-20

Abstract: In this paper, the RIEMS 2.0 model, source emission in 2006 and 2010 are used to simulate the distributions and radiative effects of different anthropogenic aerosols over China. The comparison between the results forced by source emissions in 2006 and 2010 also reveals the sensitivity of the radiative effects to source emission. The results are shown as follows: (1) Compared with those in 2006, the annual average surface concentration of sulfate in 2010 decreased over central and eastern China with a range of –C5 to 0 ?g/m3; the decrease of annual average aerosol optical depth of sulfate over East China varied from 0.04 to 0.08; the annual average surface concentrations of BC, OC and nitrate increased over central and eastern China with maximums of 10.90, 11.52 and 12.50 ?g/m3, respectively; the annual aerosol optical depths of BC, OC and nitrate increased over some areas of East China with extremes of 0.006, 0.007 and 0.008, respectively. (2) For the regional average results in 2010, the radiative forcings of sulfate, BC, OC, nitrate and their total net radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere over central and eastern China were –C0.64, 0.29, –C0.41, –C0.33 and –C1.1 W/m2, respectively. Compared with those in 2006, the radiative forcings of BC and OC in 2010 were both enhanced, while that of sulfate and the net radiative forcing were both weakened over East China mostly. (3) The reduction of the cooling effect of sulfate in 2010 produced a warmer surface air temperature over central and eastern China; the maximum value was 0.25 K. The cooling effect of nitrate was also slightly weakened. The warming effect of BC was enhanced over most of the areas in China, while the cooling effect of OC was enhanced over the similar area, particularly the area between Yangtze and Huanghe Rivers. The net radiative effect of the four anthropogenic aerosols generated the annual average reduction and the maximum reduction were –C0.096 and –C0.285 K, respectively, for the surface temperature in 2006, while in 2010 they were –C0.063 and –C0.256 K, respectively. In summary, the change in source emission lowered the cooling effect of anthropogenic aerosols, mainly because of the enhanced warming effect of BC and weakened cooling effect of scattering aerosols.

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THE RADIATIVE EFFECTS OF ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOLS OVER CHINA AND THEIR SENSITIVITY TO SOURCE EMISSION

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