[1] KESSLER W S. Mean three-dimensional circulation in thenortheast tropical Pacific [J]. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 2002, 32(9):2 457-2 471.
[2] PHILANDER S G H. The response of equatorial oceans toa relaxation of the trade winds [J]. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 1981,11: 76-89.
[3] HARRISON D E, GIESE B S. Remote westerly windforcing of the eastern equatorial Pacific: some model results[J]. Geophys. Res. Lett., 1988, 15: 804-807.
[4] GIESE B S, HARRISON D E. Eastern equatorial Pacificresponse to 3 composite westerly wind types [J]. J .Geophys.Res., 1991, 102: 10 423-10 436.
[5] KINDLE J C, PHOEBUS P A. The ocean response tooperational westerly wind bursts during the 1991-1992 ElNi?o [J]. J. Geophys. Res., 1995, 100: 10 613-10 631.
[6] FU Yun-fei, HUANG Rong-hui. The effect of the westerlyanomalies over the tropical Pacific on the occurrence of ENSOevents [J]. Chin. J. Atmos. Sci., 1996, 20(6): 641-654.
[7] FU Yun-fei, HUANG Rong-hui. Impacts of westerlyanomalies over East Asia on westerly burst over the westerntropical and the occurrence of ENSO events [J]. Chin. J.Atmos. Sci., 1997, 21(4): 485-492.
[8] MCPHADE M J. Climate oscillations-Geneses andevolution of the 1997-98 El Ni?o [J]. Science, 1999, 283:950-954.
[9] MCPHADE M J, YU X. Equatorial waves and the1997-1998 El Ni?o [J]. Geophys. Res. Lett., 1999, 26: 2 961-2964.
[10] VECCHI G A, HARRISON D E. Tropical Pacific seasurface temperature anomalies, El Ni?o, and equatorialwesterly wind events [J]. J. Climate, 2000, 13: 1 814-1 830.
[11] ZHANG Zu-qiang, DING Yi-hui, ZHAO Zong-ci. On thewesterly wind outbursts in equatorial western Pacific duringthe onset and development phases of ENSO and before [J].Acta Meteor. Sin., 2000, 58(1): 11-25.
[12] HUANG Rong-hui, ZHANG Ren-he, YAN Bang-liang.The dynamic impact of tropical west Pacific zonal windanomaly on ENSO cycle [J]. Sci. in China (Ser. D), 2001,31(8): 697-704.
[13] YAN Bang-liang, ZHANG Ren-he. A numerical test of theeffects of wind anomaly over the equatorial western Pacific onENSO cycle [J]. Chin. J. Atmos. Sci., 2002, 26(3): 315-329.
[14] FEDOROV A V. The response of the coupled tropicalocean-atmosphere to westerly wind bursts [J]. Quart. J. Roy.Meteor. Soc., 2002, 128: 1-23.
[15] PHILANDER S G H, PACANOWSKI R C. The oceanresponse to cross-equatorial winds (with application to coastalupwelling in low latitudes) [J]. Tellus, 1981, 33: 201-210.
[16] RASMUSSON, E M, CARPENTER T H. Variations intropical SST and surface wind fields associated with theSouthern Oscillation/El Ni?o [J]. Mon. Wea. Rev., 1982, 110:354-384.
[17] WALLACE J M, MITCHELL T P, DESER C. Theinfluence of sea-surface temperature on surface wind in theeastern equatorial Pacific: Seasonal to interannual variability[J]. J. Climate, 1989, 2: 1 492-1 499.
[18] GAO Si-ying, WANG Jing-shu, XU Cong, et al. The windvariation over mid-east tropical Pacific and El Ni?o [J]. Chin.J. Atmos. Sci., 1989, 13(4): 410-416.
[19] DESER C, WALLACE J M. Large-scale atmosphericcirculation features of warm and cold episodes in the tropicalPacific [J]. J. Climate, 1990, 3: 1 254-1 281.
[20] GAO Si-ying, LV Jing-xi, ZHANG Lin. Winter monsoonanomaly over northeastern Pacific and El Ni?o [J]. ActaMeteor. Sin.,1991, 13(4): 500-506.
[21] MITCHELL T P, WALLACE J M. The annual cycle inequatorial convection and sea surface temperature [J]. J.Climate, 1992, 5: 1 140-1 156.
[22] XIE S P. The maintenance of an equatorially asymmetricstate in a hybrid coupled GCM [J]. J. Atmos. Sci., 1994, 51: 2602-2 611.
[23] PERIGAUD C, ZEBIAK S E. On the role of meridionalwind anomalies in a coupled model of ENSO [J]. J. Climate,1997, 10: 761-773.
[24] CASSOU C, PERIGAUD C. ENSO simulated byintermediate coupled models and evaluated with observationsover 1970-98. Part II: role of the off-equatorial ocean andmeridional winds [J]. J. Climate, 2000, 13: 1 635-1 663.
[25] ZHANG Ren-he, ZHAO Gang, TAN Yan-ke. Meridionalwind stress anomalies over tropical Pacific and the onset of ElNi?o. Part I: data analysis [J]. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 2001, 18(4):467-480.
[26] ZHANG Zu-qiang, DING Yi-hui, ZHAO Zong-ci, et al.Relationship of the interannual meridional wind anomaliesover tropical Pacific and ENSO [J]. J. Trop. Meteor., 2002,18(2): 111-120.
[27] KARNAUSKAS K B, BUSALACCHI A J. Mechanismsfor the interannual variability of the SST in the east Pacificwarm pool [J]. J. Climate, 2009, 22(6): 1 375-1 392.
[28] YUE Cai-jun, LU Wei-song. The impact of eastern Pacificwarm pool and meridional wind anomaly on the genesis anddevelopment of ENSO event [J]. Chin. J. Atmos. Sci., 2008,32(5): 1 051-1 063.
[29] YUE Cai-jun, LU Wei-song. Further study on possiblemechanism for genesis and development of 1997/1998 El Ni?oevent[J]. Trans. Atmos. Sci., 2009, 32(4): 513-521.
[30] ZEBIAK S E, CANE M A. A model El Ni?o-SouthernOscillation [J]. Mon. Wea. Rev., 1987, 115: 2 262-2 278..
[31] YUE Cai-jun, LU Wei-song, LI Qing-quan. The effect ofinitialization impact wind on Zebiak-Cane coupledocean-atmosphere model predictability [J]. J. Trop. Meteor.,2005, 21(5): 506-516.
[32] YUE Cai-jun, LU Wei-song, TAO Li. Evaluation of theprediction performance of a simple coupled ocean- atmospheremodel [J]. J. Nanjing Inst. Meteor., 2005, 28(5): 704-709.
[33] WANG C, WEISBERG R H. The 1997-98 El Ni?oevolution relative to previous El Ni?o events [J]. J. Climate,2000, 13: 488-501.